Portal
Suchergebnisse
Results list
Swiss FluxNet Site Davos
The Swiss FluxNet Site Davos is a managed subalpine evergreen forest, located on the Seehorn mountain near Davos in the Swiss Alps. The site is dominated by Norway spruce. The tower is owned by the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN). Ecosystem flux measurements of CO2, H2O (since 1997) as well as CH4 and N2O (since 2016) are performed with the eddy covariance method. In addition to Swiss FluxNet, the site is part of the National Air Pollution Monitoring Network (NABEL), the Long term Forest Ecosystem Research (LWF), the biological drought and growth indicator network (TreeNet) and of ICOS Switzerland (Integrated Carbon Observation System). Since November 2019, the site is an ICOS Class 1 Ecosystem station. Measurements - Ecosystem flux measurements of CO2, H2O vapour (since 1997) as well a CH4 and N2O (since 2016) are performed with the eddy-covariance method. This method is based on measurements of trace gas mixing ratios, using infrared gas analyzers (for CO2, H2O vapor) and laser spectrometers (for CH4 and N2O), combined with wind speed and wind direction measurements, using 3D sonic anemometers. To resolve the short-term turbulent fluctuations in the atmosphere, very fast measurements are needed: we measure at 10-20 Hz, i.e., 10-20 times per second. To assess the energy budget of each ecosystem, also radiation sensors and soil climate profiles are installed at the site. - Sub-canopy eddy fluxes (CO2, H2O, since 2023 also CH4). - Continuous profile concentration and forest floor flux measurement of CO2, H2O, CH4, N2O. - Auxiliary micrometeorology and soil climate measurements. Data availability Near real-time flux and meteo data uploaded daily to the ICOS Carbon Portal. Processed flux and meteo data are also available from the European Fluxes Database Cluster and part of Fluxnet2015 dataset. Data policy ICOS data license: [https://www.icos-cp.eu/data-services/about-data-portal/data-license](https://www.icos-cp.eu/data-services/about-data-portal/data-license) Detailed site info: [https://www.swissfluxnet.ethz.ch/index.php/sites/ch-dav-davos/site-info-ch-dav/](https://www.swissfluxnet.ethz.ch/index.php/sites/ch-dav-davos/site-info-ch-dav/)
Database on holdover time of lightning-ignited wildfires
This database contains open, harmonized, and ready-to-use global data on holdover time. Holdover time is defined as the time between lightning-induced fire ignition and fire detection. The first version of the database is composed of three data files (censored data, non-censored data, ancillary data) and three metadata files (description of database variables, list of references, reproducible examples). These data were collected through a literature review of LIW studies and some datasets were assembled by authors of the original studies, covering more than 150,000 LIW from 13 countries in five continents and a time span of a century from 1921 to 2020. Censored data are the core of the database and consist of frequency data reporting the number or relative frequency of LIW per interval of holdover time. Ancillary data provide additional information on the methods and contexts in which the data were generated in the original studies. Potential contributors to the database are encouraged to contact the corresponding author in the readme file.
Steigerwald_Artificial_Dendrotelms
This dataset comprises environmental and insect larval data from 24 artificial dendrotelms (water-filled tree holes) created in beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) in six old-growth forest patches connecting two forest nature reserves in the Steigerwald in Germany.
Tree species map of Switzerland
Dominant tree species map of Switzerland We created a tree species map of Switzerland for the dominant tree species in the forested areas. The spatial resolution of the map is 10 m and the coordinate system is ETRS89-extended / LAEA Europe (EPSG 3035). The map comprises Sentinel-2 index time series from the year 2020, a digital elevation model and species reference data from the Swiss National Forest Inventory. The map is available as raster (.tif) or vector dataset (.gpkg). **Access will be granted upon request.** In total, the following 15 species were mapped: *Abies alba*, *Acer pseudoplatanus*, *Alnus glutinosa*, *Alnus incana*, *Betula pendula*, *Castanea sativa*, *Fagus sylvatica*, *Fraxinus excelsior*, *Picea abies*, *Pinus cembra*, *Pinus mugo arborea*, *Pinus sylvestris*, *Quercus petraea*, *Quercus robur*, *Sorbus aucuparia*. <br/><br/> Approach <br/><br/> Data - Swiss National Forest Inventory Data (stand species with > 60 % dominance in upper canopy; on at least more than 9 plots dominant) - Sentinel-2 time series (2020, Indices: CCI, CIRE, NDMI, EVI, NDVI) - Digital elevation model (DEM) (swissalti3d, 5 m) - Biogeographical regions (Federal Office for the Environment FOEN) - Forest mask 2017 (Approach: Waser et al., 2015) <br/><br/> Modeling approach We identified the most meaningful variables that led to separation of the respective groups by using random forest models with a forward feature selection (Meyer et al., 2018; Ververidis & Kotropoulos, 2005). In this approach, the final random forest model is solely built from the selected meaningful variables. By identifying meaningful variables, we can determine which variables might influence the grouping. Further, to avoid overfitting and overly optimistic results, we applied 10-fold spatial cross-validation and put all pixels from a plot in the same spatial fold. The modeling was realized using the CAST package in R (Meyer et al., 2022), based on the well-known caret package (Kuhn, 2022). We used the ranger package in R (Wright & Ziegler, 2017) to implement the random forest models, due to its short computation time. <br/><br/> Training data for modeling - 295 Sentinel-2, DEM & Biogeographical variables - 10525 tree species pixels <br/><br/> Selected variables for final model 1. EVI of 2020.05.16 2. NDMI of 2020.03.12 3. CIRE of 2020.04.16 4. NDMI of 2020.07.05 5. CCI of 2020.05.11 6. dem 7. CCI of 2020.08.14 8. NDMI of 2020.08.24 9. CCI of 2020.12.22 10. NDMI of 2020.04.21 11. NDMI of 2020.11.17 12. NDMI of 2020.08.09 13. CIRE of 2020.03.22 14. CIRE of 2020.08.09 14. CCI of 2020.11.02 15. CIRE of 2020.06.10 <br/><br/> Overall Accuracy of final model - 0.759 <br/><br/> Nationwide prediction - Predicted throughout forest mask 2017 (Approach: Waser et al., 2015) - Not applied on incomplete Sentinel-2 time series (own category in final map: incomplete_ts) - Applied the Area of Applicability (Meyer 2022) to sort out pixels outside of the feature space; basically where the model had not the same values for pixels as in the available training data <br/><br/> <br/><br/> *Be aware that the map is only validated with the training data itself, an independent validation with other data sources remains missing* <br/><br/> <br/><br/> References - Kuhn, M. (2022). Classification and Regression Training. 6.0-93. - Meyer, H., Reudenbach, C., Hengl, T., Katurji, M., & Nauss, T. (2018). *Improving performance of spatio-temporal machine learning models using forward feature selection and target-oriented validation*. Environmental Modelling and Software, 101, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.12.001 - Meyer, H., Milà, C., & Ludwig, M. (2022). *CAST: 'caret' Applications for Spatial-Temporal Models*. 0.7.0. - Ververidis, D., & Kotropoulos, C. (2005). *Sequential forward feature selection with low computational cost*. 2005 13th European Signal Processing Conference. - Waser, L., Fischer, C.,Wang, Z., & Ginzler, C. (2015). *Wall-to-Wall Forest Mapping Based on Digital Surface Models from Image-Based Point Clouds and a NFI Forest Definition*. Forests, 6, 12, 4510–4528. - Wright, M. N., & Ziegler, A. (2017). *ranger: A Fast Implementation of Random Forests for High Dimensional Data in C++ and R*. Journal of Statistical Software, 77(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/doi:10.18637/jss.v077.i01
Fetzer_Khibiny_Treeline_NPcycling
Data on soil nutrients and charcteristics, tree and understory biomass, foliage nutrients, mineralogy, soil temperature and moisture along an elevation gradient from boreal forest to mountain tundra in teh Khibiny mountains (Kola Penninsula, Russia). Samples were taken along two gradients at 7 elevation level either under tree canopy (tree) and in open areas (open).
Repeated detection-nondetection data of corticolous lichens from a standardised monitoring across Switzerland
The available lichen data consists of detection/nondetection data (1/0) of 373 tree-inhabiting (*corticolous*) lichen species from 416 plots surveyed 1-2 times. The lichen data were originally collected for the purpose of the Red List of epiphytic lichen species in Switzerland ([Scheidegger *et al.* 2002](https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home/themen/biodiversitaet/publikationen-studien/publikationen/rote-liste-gefaehrdete-arten-baum-erdbewohnende-flechten.html)), but updated to recent nomenclature for the purpose of this study. This repository contains all the supporting data and R code for the paper: von Hirschheydt, G., Kéry, M., Ekman, S., Stofer, S., Dietrich, M., Keller, C., Scheidegger, C. (2024) **Occupancy model reveals limited detectability of lichens in a standardised large-scale monitoring**. *Journal of Vegetation Science*. Results and figures presented in the manuscript should be reproducible (with small differences in the latter digits due to stochasticity of the MCMC sampler) with the provided data and code. The downloadable `.zip` folder has the following structure: * `0_data/` * `1_code/` * `2_output/` * `lichen_detectability.Rproj` * `README.txt` * `workflow.html` - `workflow.Rmd` The main folder and the three subordinate folders each have their own `README*.txt` file. These describe each available file in detail and should be consulted prior to using the data or running any code. The file `lichen_detectability.Rproj` stores the information about the R project. The user can open the project by clicking/double-clicking on this file which will automatically define the repository as working directory for the R session. If the user does not use RStudio/Posit, they may have to set the working directory manually to the stored location in the R files. The files `workflow.*` guide the user through the analysis (`1_code/*.R`) in the correct order so that they can: - bundle the cleaned data into a data list readable for JAGS - fit the multi-species occupancy model to the data and store the output - assess the goodness-of-fit of the model to the data - conduct a prior sensitivity analysis with 2 additional sets of priors - extract the summary statistics reported in the manuscript and supplementary materials - generate the figures shown in the manuscript and supplementary materials
Psychophysiological effects of walking in forests and urban built environments with disparate road traffic noise exposure
This repository contains data related to the field experiments of the RESTORE project. This project is a collaboration between the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) and the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (EMPA). It has received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation. The overall objective of the RESTORE project was to assess the effects of green spaces as facilitators and noise as impediment to recover from stress in people's daily environments across Switzerland. We conducted a randomized, controlled field study to compare the psychophysiological benefits of exposure to forests and urban built environments with different levels of road traffic noise in healthy adults during 30-minute walks in Zürich, Switzerland to explore: 1) The psychophysiological effects of walking in forests and urban built environments with disparate road traffic noise exposure 2) The effects of walking in urban forests and urban built environments with disparate road traffic noise exposure on repetitive negative thinking and connectedness with the non-human world 3) The effects of a mindful walking intervention in urban forests for healthy adults Accordingly, this repository includes data and documentation for the 3 scientific articles: Scientific article 1. “Psychophysiological effects of walking in forests and urban built environments with disparate road traffic noise exposure: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial", BMC Psychology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01720-x Scientific article 2. "Psychophysiological effects of walking in forests and urban built environments with disparate road traffic noise exposure: A randomized controlled trial“. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2025. Scientific article 3. “The effects of walking in urban forests and urban built environments with disparate road traffic noise exposure on repetitive negative thinking and connectedness with the non-human world: A randomized controlled trial". To be submitted to PLOS One, 2025. Scientific article 4: "Effects of a mindful walking intervention in urban forests for healthy adults". To be submitted to Current Psychology, 2025.
Data and Code on Extreme Inflow and Lowflow Analysis for Alpine Reservoirs
Summary * Dataset of daily inflow to Luzzone reservoir in Ticino, Switzerland * R scripts used to generate return levels for low reservoir inflow, low precipitation, high inflow, and extreme high precipitation based on various methods from extreme value analysis Data The dataset included here is the "natural" reservoir inflow for the Luzzone reservoir. Additional analyses were conducted on daily total precipitation of 6 meteorological stations (abbreviations: TIOLI, TIOLV, COM, VRN, VLS, ZEV). These precipitation data are freely available for teaching and research from the MeteoSwiss IDAweb portal (https://www.meteoswiss.admin.ch/services-and-publications/service/weather-and-climate-products/data-portal-for-teaching-and-research.html). Codes R scripts used to determine return levels of the data set are included for both extreme high events and low events. The scripts include the following methods for calculating return levels: * GEV (Generalized Extreme Value) * GPD and GPDd (Generalized Pareto Distribution including declustered version) * eGPD (extended Generalized Pareto Distribution) * MEV (Metastatistical Extreme Value)
Multiple realizations of daily snow water equivalent, surface water input and liquid precipitation projections for mid- and late-century
The dataset contains for three variables (snow water equivalent, surface water input and liquid precipitation) 50 realizations of current and future climate periods for two time horizons (mid end end of century), two emission senarions (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) and 10 climate model chains (all EUR11 chains within CH2018). To quantify natural climate variability for projections of snow conditions and resulting rain-on-snow (ROS) flood events, a weather generator was applied to simulate inherently consistent climate variables for multiple realizations of current and future climates at 100 m spatial and hourly temporal resolution over a 12 x 12 km high-altitude study area in the Swiss Alps. The output of the weather generator was used as input for subsequent simulations with an energy balance snow model. The data was extracted in 2021 from original model output.
Validating and improving the critical crack length in SNOWPACK
To validate the critical crack length as implemented in the snow cover model SNOWPACK, PST experiments were conducted for three winter seasons (2015-2017) at two field site above Davos, Switzerland. This dataset contains manually observed snow profiles and stability tests. Furthermore, corresponding SNOWPACK simulations are included. These data were analyzed and results were published in Richter et al. (2019). Please refer to the Readme file for further details on the data. These data are the basis of the following publication: Richter, B., Schweizer, J., Rotach, M. W., and van Herwijnen, A.: Validating modeled critical crack length for crack propagation in the snow cover model SNOWPACK, The Cryosphere, 13, 3353–3366, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3353-2019, 2019.